A Global Review on Short Peptides: Frontiers and Perspectives

Peptides are fragments of proteins that carry out biological functions. They act as signaling entities via all domains life and interfere with protein-protein interactions, which indispensable in bio-processes. Short peptides include fundamental molecular information for a prelude to the symphony life. have aroused considerable interest due their unique features great promise innovative bio-therapies. This work focusing on current state-of-the-art short peptide-based therapeutical developments is first global review written by researchers from continents, celebration 100 years peptide therapeutics since commencement insulin therapy 1920s. Peptide “drugs” initially played only role hormone analogs balance disorders. Nowadays, they achieve numerous biomedical tasks, can cross membranes, or reach intracellular targets. The bio-processes hardly be mimicked other chemical substances. article divided into independent sections, related either progress theranostics problems posing challenge bio-medicine. In particular, SWOT analysis peptides, relevance therapies diverse diseases, improvements (bio)synthesis platforms, advanced nano-supramolecular technologies, aptamers, altered ligands silico methodologies overcome limitations, modern smart bio-functional materials, vaccines, drug/gene-targeted delivery systems discussed.